National Non-Domestic Rates Explanatory Notes

National Non-Domestic Rates Explanatory Notes for the current financial year, 2026 to 2027.

National Non-Domestic Rates
Business rates instalments
National Non-Domestic Rating multipliers
Rateable value
Revaluations
Business rate reliefs
Subsidy control
Rating advisers
Rate relief for businesses in rural areas
Information supplied with demand notices

National Non-Domestic Rates

National Non-Domestic Rates (NNDR), or business rates, collected by local authorities are the way that those who occupy non-domestic property contribute towards the cost of local services. Under the business rates retention arrangements introduced from 1 April 2013, authorities keep a proportion of the business rates paid locally. The money, together with revenue from council tax payers, locally generated income and grants from central government, is used to pay for the services provided by local authorities in your area.

See further information about NNDR:

Business rates instalments

Payment of business rates bills is automatically set on a 10-monthly cycle. However, the Government has put in place regulations that allow ratepayers to require their local authority to enable payments to be made through 12 monthly instalments. If you wish to take up this offer, you should contact your local authority as soon as possible.

National Non-Domestic Rating multipliers

The local authority works out the business rates bill for a property by multiplying the rateable value of the property by the appropriate non-domestic multiplier. There are five multipliers:

the standard non-domestic rating multiplier
the small business non-domestic rating multiplier
the small retail, hospitality & leisure multiplier
the standard retail, hospitality & leisure multiplier
the high value multiplier

The government sets the multipliers for each financial year, except in the City of London where special arrangements apply.

Ratepayers who occupy a property with a rateable value which does not exceed £50,999 will have their bills calculated using the lower small business non-domestic rating multiplier, rather than the standard non-domestic rating multiplier. Those ratepayers who occupy qualifying retail, hospitality & leisure properties will have their bills calculated using the relevant retail, hospitality & leisure multiplier dependent on the rateable value, and a high-value multiplier for properties with rateable values of £500k and above. The current multipliers are shown on your bill.

Rateable value

Apart from properties that are exempt from business rates, each non-domestic property has a rateable value which is set by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA), an agency of His Majesty’s Revenue and Customs. They compile and maintain a full list of all rateable values available on the VOA website. The rateable value of your property is shown on the front of your bill. This broadly represents the yearly rent the property could have been let for on the open market on a particular date specified in legislation. For the current rating list, this date was set as 1 April 2024.

The VOA may alter the valuation if circumstances change. The ratepayer (and certain others who have an interest in the property) can also check and challenge the valuation shown in the list if they believe it is wrong. Further information about the grounds on which challenges may be made and the process for doing so can be obtained by contacting the VOA, or by consulting the VOA website: See further information on how to challenge your business rates valuation on GOV.UK.

Revaluations

All non-domestic property rateable values are reassessed at revaluations. The most recent revaluation took effect from 1 April 2026. Revaluations ensure that business rates bills are up-to-date and more accurately reflect current rental values and relative changes in rents. Frequent revaluations ensure the system continues to be responsive to changing economic conditions.

Business rate reliefs

Depending on individual circumstances, a ratepayer may be eligible for a rate relief (a reduction in their business rates bill). There are a range of available reliefs.

See further detail on NNDR reliefs:

Temporary reliefs

Some of the permanent reliefs are set out below but other temporary reliefs may be introduced by the government at a fiscal event. Find further details on current temporary reliefs on GOV.UK. You should contact your local authority for details on the latest availability of business rates reliefs and advice on whether you may qualify.

Small business rates relief

If a ratepayer’s sole or main property has a rateable value which does not exceed a set threshold, the ratepayer may receive a percentage reduction in their rates bill for the property of up to a maximum of 100%. The level of reduction will depend on the rateable value of the property. For example eligible properties with a rateable value below a specified lower threshold will receive 100% relief while eligible properties above the lower threshold and below a specified upper threshold may receive partial relief. The relevant thresholds for relief are set by the government by order.

See more details on Small Business Rates Relief:

Generally, these percentage reductions (reliefs) are only available to ratepayers who occupy either:

(a) 1 property, or
(b) 1 main property and other additional properties providing those additional properties each have a rateable value which does not exceed the limit set by order

The aggregate rateable value of all the properties mentioned in (b), must also not exceed an amount set by order. For those businesses that take on an additional property which would normally have meant the loss of small business rate relief, they will be allowed to keep that relief for a fixed additional period. Full details on the relevant limits in relation to second properties and the current period for which a ratepayer may continue to receive relief after taking on an additional property can be obtained from the business rates information on the City of York Council website or from the business rates information on GOV.UK.

Certain changes in circumstances will need to be notified to the local authority by the ratepayer who is in receipt of relief (other changes will be picked up by the local authority). The changes which should be notified are:

(a) the property falling vacant,
(b) the ratepayer taking up occupation of an additional property, or
(c) an increase in the rateable value of a property occupied by the ratepayer in an area other than the area of the local authority which granted the relief

Charity and Community Amateur Sports Club Relief (CASC)

Eligible charities and registered Community Amateur Sports Clubs are entitled to 80% relief where the property is occupied by the charity or the club and is wholly or mainly used for the charitable purposes of the charity (or of that and other charities), or for the purposes of the club (or of that and other clubs).

The local authority has discretion to give further relief on the remaining bill.

See further information about relief for charities.

See further information about the Community Amateur Sports Clubs relief.

Transitional rate relief

At a revaluation, some ratepayers will see reductions or no change in their bill whereas some ratepayers will see increases. Transitional relief schemes are introduced at each revaluation to help those facing increases. Transitional relief is applied automatically to bills.

See further information about the Transitional Relief Scheme.

See business rates information on GOV.UK.

Local discounts and hardship relief

Local authorities have a general power to grant discretionary local discounts and to give hardship relief in specific circumstances.

See further information about business rates relief on the City of York Council website.

Unoccupied property rating

Business rates are generally payable in respect of unoccupied non-domestic property. However, they are generally not payable for the first three months that a property is empty. This is extended to six months in the case of certain industrial premises, whilst certain other properties such as vacant listed buildings are not liable for business rates until they are reoccupied.

See full details on property exemptions and reliefs:

Subsidy control

The UK subsidy control regime commenced from 4 January 2023. The subsidy control regime enables public authorities, including devolved administrations and local authorities, to deliver subsidies that are tailored for local needs. Public authorities giving subsidies must comply with the UK’s international subsidy control commitments.

See further information regarding the UK subsidy control regime on GOV.UK.

Rating advisers

Ratepayers do not have to be represented in discussions about the rateable value of their property or their rates bill. However, ratepayers who do wish to be represented should be aware that members of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) and the Institute of Revenues, Rating and Valuation (IRRV) are qualified and are regulated by rules of professional conduct designed to protect the public from misconduct.

Before you employ a rating adviser or company you should check that they have the necessary knowledge and expertise, as well as appropriate indemnity insurance. Take great care and, if necessary, seek further advice before entering into any contract.

Rate relief for businesses in rural areas

Certain types of properties in a rural settlement with a population below 3,000 may be entitled to full relief. The property must be the only general store, the only post office or a food shop and have a rateable value of less than £8,500, or the only public house or the only petrol station and have a rateable value of less than £12,500. The property must be occupied.

Find more information about rate relief for businesses in rural areas on the City of York Council website.

Information supplied with demand notices

Information relating to the relevant and previous financial years in regard to the gross expenditure of the local authority is available at www.york.gov.uk.

A hard copy is available on request by contacting the council’s Business Rates Team on any of the details below.

Postal Address:

Business Rates Team
City of York Council,
West Offices,
Station Rise,
York,
YO1 6GA

Email: business.rates@york.gov.uk

Telephone: 01904 551140

Also see

Published data about business rates

Business Rates

West Offices, Station Rise, York, YO1 6GA

Telephone: 01904 551140

Email: business.rates@york.gov.uk

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